In an electric arc furnace, steel composition is changed by adding or removing specific components or by manipulating the temperature. This allows manufacturers to alter the carbon content to produce the resulting low carbon steel, medium carbon steel, high carbon steel or ultra-high carbon steel. Market needs for higher-quality steel products with more consistent characteristics fuelled the development of secondary steelmaking processes. Pure oxygen is pushed through the liquid steel to oxidise the extra carbon, resulting in a finished product with a carbon content of up to 0.5%. ![]() The liquid steel is poured into moulds to produce slabs or ingots. Mild and carbon steel are commonly produced using the basic oxygen furnace (BOF) method, which involves the transformation of raw materials such as iron ore and coke into liquid steel. Steel can be created entirely from recycled material or from a mix of recycled and virgin steel using the BOF process. The manufacturing process is often divided into three stages: The manufacturing process for mild steel and carbon steel varies depending on the type of steel and the intended qualities for the final product. Manufacturing process of mild steel and high carbon steel Mild Steel vs Carbon Steel: What Is the Difference? Comparison High carbon steel is used in applications that require high strength such as knife blades, hand tools and springs. High carbon steel contains 0.6% to 1.5% carbon content and is known for its high strength and hardness, but high carbon steel is even more brittle than medium-carbon steel. It is often used in applications that require both strength and ductility, such as machinery components, automotive parts and building frames. Medium carbon steelĬontains 0.3% to 0.6% carbon content, making it stronger and harder than low-carbon steel but also more brittle. This makes mild steel a popular choice over higher-carbon steels when it comes to construction and manufacturing applications. These types include: Low carbon steelĪlso known as “mild steel,” this type of steel is more ductile and easier to shape, form and weld compared to other carbon steel types. There are several types of carbon steel, each with unique properties and applications. ![]() Its high strength, and particularly high hardness make it an ideal choice for a wide range of tooling applications. Medium to high carbon steel is commonly used to make machinery components, such as gears, crankshafts and shafts. Each grade has its own specific uses and applications, depending on the desired properties of the final product. This metal is commonly used in the manufacturing of many products and structures due to its high strength and low cost.Ĭarbon steel can be further classified into various grades based on its chemical composition and mechanical properties, such as low carbon steel (mild steel), medium carbon steel, high carbon steel and ultra high carbon steel. What is high carbon steel?Ĭarbon steel is a type of steel that contains carbon as the main alloying element, with other elements present in smaller amounts. It’s versatility and affordability make it a popular choice for a wide range of applications. In addition, low carbon steel has a relatively high tensile strength, making it suitable for use in high-stress applications such as beams, columns and machinery components. Mild steel has good machinability and can be easily drilled, cut, and fabricated into various shapes and sizes. The low carbon content makes mild steel more ductile and easier to shape, form and weld than other types of steel. ![]() Mild steel is a type of carbon steel with a low amount of carbon (typically 0.05% to 0.25%) these are also known as “low carbon steels.” Low carbon steel is considered a relatively inexpensive and versatile material that is commonly used in various construction and manufacturing applications. Whether you are a metal fabricator, engineer or just looking to better understand mild steel and carbon steel, we will provide you with all the information you need to make an informed decision. In this article, we will take a closer look at mild steel and carbon steel and examine the differences between them, including their carbon content, mechanical properties, and manufacturing and finishing processes. While both are used for similar purposes, there are several key differences between the two that make them better suited for different applications. Two of the most used types of steel are mild steel and carbon steel. Steel is the most used material in construction, manufacturing and industry.
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